The autobiography of Benjamin Franklin free essay sample

Benjamin Franklin Summary: The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin was written by Benjamin Franklin from 1771 to 1 790; however, Franklin himself appears to have called the work his Memoirs. Although it had a torturous publication history after Franklins death, this work has become one of the most famous and Influential examples of autobiography ever written. One of the most powerful and controversial writers of his time, his own words on his greatest creation Description: This book Is Intended for Informational and historical purposes. Bibliography: Canada, Mark, Mr.. Ben]amen Franklin, 1706-1790. All American: Benjamin Franklin. N. P. , 26 Feb. . 2001. Web. 12 Mar. 2013 Joseph, George. Historical Vignette: Benjamin Franklin on Accounting. Academy of Accounting Historians. Historical Vignette, 2005. Web. 12 Mar. 2013. Period 4 Title: The Declaration of Independence Author: Thomas Jefferson Summary: Drafted by Thomas Jefferson between June 11 and June 28, 1776, the Declaration of Independence summarizes Americas founding political philosophy.At once a cherished symbol of liberty and an expression of Jefferson monumental talents as a writer, the document captures in unforgettable phrases the ideals of individual liberty that formed the backbone of Americans Revolutionary movement. We will write a custom essay sample on The autobiography of Benjamin Franklin or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In setting forth these self-evident truths alongside a list of grievances against King Georges Britain, the Declaration of Independence Justified the breaking of ties with Mother England and the formation of a new country. This gift edition, printed In woo colors on acid-free paper, contains Illustrations and biographies of the signers alongside the document itself.Description: Historical Bibliography: Declaration of Independence. Declaration of Independence. Charters of Freedom, n. D. Web. 12 Mar. 2013. Declaration of Independence. History. COM. Television Networks, n. D. Web. 12 Mar. 2013. The autobiography of Benjamin Franklin By Summary: The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin was written by Benjamin Franklin from 1771 to 1790; however, Franklin himself appears to have called the work his work has become one of the most famous and influential examples of autobiography words on his greatest creation Description: This book is intended for informational and historical purposes. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin free essay sample Franklin can be noninsured as the typical American whose philosophies, beliefs, and principles are exemplified in ones attitudes towards life, wealth, and happiness. The evidence of all these and more can be read in the Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. What he calls as rambling digressions, Franklin uses a very unpretentious writing style, almost like a conversation, with anecdotes interspersed in the pages. America will never forget Benjamin Franklin because he was able to accomplish both feats that he mentioned in this famous saying.He was able to live the words of wisdom that he as proliferated by writing lots of sensible and usable things, and more. Everyone in this country knows Benjamin Franklin as a scientist (predicting weather conditions and studied the use of hot air balloons, an Inventor (bifocals, flexible urinary catheter, watertight compartments In ships, lightning rods, Iron furnace stove, odometer, and many more), statesman (the only person who signed all four documents that became the basis for the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution, he set up the Postal system and the first fire insurance system in America. We will write a custom essay sample on The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Loped create a militia in Philadelphia to protect its residents, and proposed the Daylight Saving Time). He was also printer (he was an apprentice in his brothers printing shop at 12, at 17 he was a fully skilled printer, at 22 he opened his own printing shop, and printed the popular newspaper the Philadelphia Gazette as well his 3 annual Poor Richards Almanac). Among his works as a printer included making cartoons, Illustrated news stories, and letters to the editor.For those books to read even though they might not have been able to afford to buy books to read. Again, Ben anted to use his printing press to help people understand the world around them. As a philosopher, Benjamin Franklin never wasted his time, so surely he must have loved life. He is remembered as one of Americas great thinkers. His ideas and visions had a clear vision of the way America should be and he spent his time helping to make sure that it would be. Less people knew of Benjamin Franklin as a musician. Ben Franklin found simple beauty in simple tunes.He played several musical instruments, including the violin, harp, and guitar. His great interest in music leads IM to build his own glass harmonica. This simple musical instrument was played by touching the edge of the spinning glass with dampened fingers. The harmonicas beautiful tones appealed to many composers, including Mozart and Beethoven. As an economist, his personal ideas about economy helped to shape our countrys economy. We are lucky that they did because Franklin believed that the only true way to wealth was through hard work.This noble idea became the soul of the American Dream, the idea that all people are created equal and each person has the same opportunity to achieve success. Ben used his printing skills to print paper money, helping to establish the paper currency system in America. Today, we honor Bens contribution to the economy every time we use a hundred dollar bill. Bens face appears on it (Morgan, 2002). Benjamin Franklin Benjamin Franklin was born on January 17, 1706 in Massachusetts. When he was 12 years old he became apprentice in his brother James printing shop in Boston.He was 17 years old when he left his family for some personal reasons, and ran away to Philadelphia, 4 Pennsylvania. He got an opportunity to go to London where he trained as a printer. Three years later, in 1726, he went back to Philadelphia and opened his own printing shop two years after. The Pennsylvania Gazette became a quick delight of readers as Franklin became its sole owner and published in 1729. A year after, he married Deborah Read Rogers and his son William was born the following year. It was in 1931 that he founded the first Circulating Library.The next year, his second son Francis was born and this year marked the start of his publication of the annual Poor Richards Almanac which ran for 26 years, up to 1758. A disaster happened to his family in 1736 when his young son Francis died. It was this year the he founded the Union Fire Company in Philadelphia. The following year, Franklin was appointed Postmaster of Philadelphia. Being an educated and intellectual person, he proposed the idea for the University of Pennsylvania in 1942. Sarah Sally Franklin was born the year after and two years later, Benjamin father, Josiah died. It was in 1747 that Franklin first wrote about electrical experimentation and organized the first militia in Philadelphia, aiming at protecting its residents. He decided that he had enough of the printing business, so in 1748 he sold his printing ship and retired. This signaled his spending full time in the other roles that he became famous for. His book Experiments and Observations on Electricity was published in London in 1751. The following year, he did his famous kite experiment and also founded the first American fire insurance company.Then his stint being a statesman started to form. He traveled to London many times from 1757 to 1962 as a representative of the Pennsylvania Assembly. He was elected as president of the American Philosophical Society in 1769. It was in 1774 that Benjamin Franklins reputation got damaged with Hutchinson Letters Affairs (Clark, 1983). The Hutchinson Letters Affair began in written to the British government by Thomas 5 Hutchinson, the royal Governor of Massachusetts. In the letters, Hutchinson urged his superiors to send more troops to Boston to fight the American rebels.Ben felt that his friends in Boston should know what Hutchinson was planning. He allowed his American friends and colleagues to read the letters on the condition that they not be circulated or published. However, the content of the letters did get published in the Boston Gazette in June of 1773. The citizens of Boston were furious and forced Hutchinson to flee to England. The British government demanded to know who leaked the letters. In December of 1773, three innocent men were accused. In order to protect them, Ben admitted his guilt.As a result, Bens reputation in England suffered. In January of 1774, Ben was publicly reprimanded. Later that year, Ben left England and returned to America to help write the Declaration of Independence (Clark, 1973). That same year (1774), Franklins wife died. He resumed living his normal life as a statesman as he returned to Philadelphia in 1775 and was elected to Continental Congress and submitted articles of Confederation of United Colonies. The following year, he signed the Declaration of Independence and presided over the Pennsylvania Constitutional Convention.That same year, he went to France as American Commissioner where he was one of the responsible persons who negotiated and signed the Treaty of Alliance with France two years after. He was then appointed Minister to France in 1779. He was also one of those who negotiated the Treaty of Peace with the United Kingdom in 1982. Two years later, he also was part of the negotiation for the signing of treaties with Prussia and other countries in Europe. He as elected president of the Pennsylvania Society for Promoting the Abolition of Slavery in 1787 and served as a representative to the Constitutional Convention.In 1790, Benjamin Franklin died in Philadelphia at age 84. 6 Benjamin Franklin as a Writer/Author It was in 1733 that Benjamin Franklin started to publish the popular Poor Richards Almanac whose contents were both original and borrowed. He used the alias Richard Saunders that earned it much reputation. Many of Franklins writings were written using pseudonyms. It was a known fact that Richard Saunders was Benjamin Franklin et he never admitted to it. With the yearly publication of the Poor Richards Almanac were wise sayings and adages that are still being quoted today. In its peak, the publication sold approximately ten thousand copies every year. In 1758, he stopped writing and publishing of Poor Richards Almanac and shifted to printing Father Abrahams Sermons which is more popularly known as the Way to Wealth. His autobiography was posthumously published after his death and became one of the classics (Kernels, 2008). Aside from these two popular writings that Benjamin Franklin is known for, he has ended many articles, Journals, letters, and books that are very useful in daily living. That concern the building of the American nation and its people. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin is unmistakably one of his masterpieces because it contains very comprehensive and significant events of his life. Although he did not complete his life story, it is still considered to be full of insights and revelations that many Franklin admirers will find. Conclusion Review of The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin When Benjamin Franklin wrote this autobiography for his son as a guide for life, and artsy as a source of family history. This writing is not written as a kind of finished material that any reader would expect any autobiography to be.An autobiography usually covers the complete story of a persons life span over a continuous time frame. However, Benjamin 7 autobiography is actually written over a specific time periods separately. He wrote one part while he was in another continent without the cop of the other parts of the text. What makes this autobiography unique is that Franklin penned it as a letter of instruction in the ways of the world for his son who was then forty years old. The whole writing spans approximately only the first half of what everyone knows of his life. Many famous parts of Benjamin the people already know are not even existent in this autobiography, making it incomplete. One reason that Benjamin did not mind having to finish half an autobiography is because he never intended it to be published. But even with this books incompleteness, the reader still finds a rich strove of anecdotes and life instructions that are practical even in this modern day. Benjamin Franklin remains to be an incredible awesome personality and he still is on f the great person in the entire American history.One would know not really get to know him fully by reading this autobiography, but it does not really matter. Many historians have satisfactorily and comprehensively written about his life in other books. In the pages of The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin, one would learn what really make this great person tick, what his beliefs are, and why they believe in them. And that is more than enough. It is thought that anyone who enjoys history will find The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin a rare treat. He was very up-close and personal with many of the cost popular personalities in the pre-revolutionary America.In fact, he seemed to have associations with virtually the most important people in the world during his time. Although written in quite an archaic language, this autobiography is still a classic. After all are said and done about Benjamin Franklin and his autobiography, further emphasizing him as one of the prolific Founding Fathers of the United States, it is sufficed to deduce that he had been successful in bringing about a difference in our country. Aside from being a noble statesman that he is more famous for, he had given a lasting legacy of written works that are rich and useful even in this modern world. As an author, Benjamin Franklin has proven to be as prolific as he is a statesman, scientist, inventor, businessman, and philosopher. To view Benjamin Franklin as a writer is not all hard to do considering his other bigger and nobler endeavors. Students who are studying the totality of Benjamin Franklin as he is known are sometimes challenging for teachers to convince. In order to persuade people to consider Franklin as a writer, it is good to show through literary analysis of his works and issues of organization, style, and there elements of literary genre.Benjamin Franklins contribution to the creation of what we now know as American literature is as significant as the others, especially on the genre that he chose to focus on: that of national identity. He has showed through his writing that anyone can be like him and can accomplish things that he did in his lifetime. His style of writing is concentrated on the universal and practical uses as is read in The Ways to Wealth. In addition, he has shared personal insights taken from experience; thus, making his writings sought after in the world of business acumen.Even after he was cost to death, the memory of Benjamin Franklin still lingers on and can still be read and reviewed in the words that he left. While the rest of this autobiography may not be as emphatic and cohesive, it still provides interesting information and insight into Benjamin Franklin. Loaded with moralistic and seemingly pedagogic writings about life, it is the driving force of the personality of this man. No matter how he was Judged in the following generations after him, it cannot be denied that Benjamin Franklins contributions to the dynamic and growing America will forever be etched in the annals of history.

Code of Ethics Essay Example

Code of Ethics Essay Example Code of Ethics Essay Code of Ethics Essay 1.Nurses value quality nursing care for all people. Valuing quality nursing care involves nurses accepting accountability for the standard of nursing care they provide, helping to raise the standard of nursing care, and taking action when they consider, on reasonable grounds, the standard of nursing care to be unacceptable. This includes a responsibility to question and report what they consider, on reasonable grounds, to be unethical behaviour and treatment. 2. Nurses value respect and kindness for self and others. Valuing respect for self and others encompasses valuing the moral worth and dignity of oneself and others. It includes respecting the individual ethical values people might have in the context of health care. Kindness is the demonstration of simple acts of gentleness, consideration and care. The practise of kindness as a committed and everyday approach to care reduces the power imbalance between a person requiring or receiving care and a nurse, by placing the nurse at the person’s service, which is the appropriate relationship. 3. Nurses value the diversity of people. Valuing the diversity of people requires nurses to appreciate how different cultural backgrounds and languages may influence both the provision and receipt of nursing and health care. 4. Nurses value access to quality nursing and health care for all people. Valuing nursing and health care for all people requires nurses to uphold the principles and standards of the right to nursing and health care as measured by the availability, accessibility, acceptability, quality and safety of nursing and health care services. Specifically, access refers to the extent to which a person or community can obtain health care services. This includes knowledge of when it is appropriate to seek health care, the ability to travel to and the means to pay for health care. Access does not mean the ability to provide all services imaginable for everyone, but rather the ability to reasonably and equitably provide services based on need, irrespective of geography, social standing, ethnicity, age, race, level of income, gender or sexuality. 5. Nurses value informed decision making. Nurses value people’s interests in making free and informed decisions. This includes people having the opportunity to verify the meaning and implication of information being given to them when making decisions about their nursing and health care. Nurses also recognise that making decisions is sometimes constrained by circumstances beyond individual control and that there may be circumstances where informed decisionmaking cannot always be fully realised. 6. Nurses value a culture of safety in nursing and health care. Valuing a culture of safety involves nurses actively engaging in the development of shared knowledge and understanding of the crucial importance of safety in contemporary health care. Nurses who value a culture of safety appreciate that safety is everyone’s responsibility. Nurses support the development of risk management processes and a practice environment designed to reduce the incidence and impact of preventable adverse events in health care. Nurses also support the open disclosure of any adverse events to any person affected during the course of their care 7. Nurses value ethical management of information. The generation and management of information (including health care records and other documents) are performed with professionalism and integrity. This requires the information being recorded to be accurate, non-judgemental and relevant to the health, care and treatment of a person. All health documentation is a record that cannot be changed or altered other than by the addition of further information. A notation in a record or a document used for health care communication can have a powerful positive or negative impact on the quality of care received by a person. These effects can be longlasting, either through ensuring the provision of quality care, or through enshrining stigma, stereotyping and judgement in health care decision-making and health care provision experienced by a person. The ethical management of information involves respecting people’s privacy and confidentiality without compromising health or safety. This applies to all types of data, including clinical and research data, irrespective of the medium in which the information occurs or is stored. 8. Nurses value a socially, economically and ecologically sustainable environment promoting health and wellbeing. Nurses value strategies aimed at preventing, minimising and overcoming the harmful effects of economic, social or ecological factors on the health of individuals and communities. Commitment to a healthy environment involves the conservation and efficient use of resources such as energy, water and fuel, as well as clinical and other materials

Debate the thoeries of Accounting for stock options Research Paper

Debate the thoeries of Accounting for stock options - Research Paper Example Fair value model, lattice model and finally minimum value method which is based upon the someone’s willingness to purchase a call option on a share of stock at the current fair value of the stock with the right to postpone payment of the exercise until the end of the options period, ignoring the volatility of the underlying stock in valuation calculation. This has necessitated the emergence of alternative incentive methods to premium cash thus employee stock options. Any stock option with exercise price higher than the price of the underlying stocks at the exercise date are exchanged for new ones with lower exercise price because companies have to account for the stock issued to their employees. But the companies have to account for them although they do not incur any costs to grant the options. Guides and standards on how such transactions are accounted for in the books of the company have to be provided. Stock option compensation that needs to be looked at is the backdating of employee stock option and how it affects the company. Agency theory argues that compensation policy should provide management with incentives to select and implement actions that add shareholder wealth. Discussion Pertaining the use of the intrinsic value method of accounting for stock options, a company is to value stock options based on their intrinsic value at that juncture they were granted. Intrinsic value refers to the difference between the stock’s market price on the grant date and also including the exercise price at which the employees can use the option to purchase stock. Incase the stock’s market price is slightly higher than the option exercise price, therefore, the stock option’s value is the difference between the two. Realizing the shortcomings of the method there is need to look for a more comprehensive and efficient method of stock options .By using this method it will result in no compensation expense since we grant employees options with e xercise prices same as the fair market value of the underlying stock at the time of the grant. Fair value was encouraged to be used but it was not a mandatory requirement to be used by the companies as stipulated by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB). The fair value accounting approach valued stock options basing on various factors that establish the underlying value. This is because the companies are to outlay for option grants based on the fair value of the options that were expected to vest on the date it granted them. In December 2004, FASB issued a Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (Statement) No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment. Statement 123(R) replaced Statement 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, and was consequently effective for public companies as of July 1, 2005. It was effective for non-public companies as of January 1, 2006. The company had an option of either using Black-Schole option pricing model or the binomial option so as to come up with the options fair value. However, if the company continues with the intrinsic value of the approach they required to avail additional closure in the footnotes to their financial on what the expenses would have been with fair value approach. Under Statement 123, the company is only allowed to disclose information on the effects